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Clinical Neuroradiology
Erschienen in: Clinical Neuroradiology 1/2023

24.06.2022 | Review Article

Childhood Cerebral Vasculitis

A Multidisciplinary Approach

verfasst von: Neetika Gupta, Shivaprakash B. Hiremath, Richard I. Aviv, Nagwa Wilson

Erschienen in: Clinical Neuroradiology | Ausgabe 1/2023

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Abstract

Cerebral vasculitis is increasingly recognized as a common cause of pediatric arterial stroke. It can present with focal neurological deficits, psychiatric manifestations, seizures, and encephalopathy. The etiopathogenesis of childhood cerebral vasculitis (CCV) is multifactorial, making an inclusive classification challenging. In this review, we describe the common and uncommon CCV with a comprehensive discussion of etiopathogenesis, the role of various imaging modalities, and advanced techniques in diagnosing CCV. We also highlight the implications of relevant clinical, laboratory, and genetic findings to reach the final diagnosis. Based on the clinicoradiological findings, a stepwise diagnostic approach is proposed to facilitate CCV diagnosis and rule out potential mimics. Identification of key clinical manifestations, pertinent blood and cerebrospinal fluid results, and evaluation of central nervous system vessels for common and disease-specific findings will be emphasized. We discuss the role of magnetic resonance imaging, MR angiography, and vessel wall imaging as the imaging investigation of choice, and reservation of catheter angiography as a problem-solving tool. We emphasize the utility of brain and leptomeningeal biopsy for diagnosis and exclusion of imitators and masqueraders.
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Metadaten
Titel
Childhood Cerebral Vasculitis
A Multidisciplinary Approach
verfasst von
Neetika Gupta
Shivaprakash B. Hiremath
Richard I. Aviv
Nagwa Wilson
Publikationsdatum
24.06.2022
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Clinical Neuroradiology / Ausgabe 1/2023
Print ISSN: 1869-1439
Elektronische ISSN: 1869-1447
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00062-022-01185-8

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