Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by repetitive collapse of the upper airway during sleep. OSA is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder in North America [ 1 ]. Standard treatment for OSA is continuous positive …

Patient blood management (PBM) is an emerging and critical foundation of high-quality patient care. A 2021 policy brief published by the World Health Organization defines PBM as “ a patient-centered approach that addresses iron deficiency, anaemia …

Antithrombotic drugs are frequently used to prevent or treat various prothrombotic disorders like acute coronary syndrome (ACS), stroke, peripheral vascular disease, atrial fibrillation (AF), and venous thromboembolism (VTE). The perioperative …

A foundation of modern medicine is the Hippocratic exhortation, ‘primum non nocere’, or, ‘first do no harm’ [ 1 ]. Inserting an intended tracheal tube into the esophagus and failing to recognise one’s error (unrecognized esophageal intubation …

Historically, vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) such as warfarin were the predominant option, and in fact the only oral agents, for patients requiring prolonged anticoagulation. Over the past decade, however, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) …

The physiologically difficult airway was first described as a framework to explain the high rate of morbidity and mortality that occurs in critically ill patients despite one or few attempts, regardless of the presence or absence of any anatomic …

Despite notable advancements in technology and monitoring, coupled with the dissemination of guidelines, complications associated with airway management persist. Complications can occur with any type of airway intervention, including mask …

Epidural anesthesia and analgesia are commonly used for a number of medical and surgical procedures. Although the blind loss of resistance is usually successful in experienced hands, it can be challenging at times. Imaging technology is …

Postoperative pain remains a cause of concern for most patients. With demands for increased efficiency, shortened hospital stay, and quick recovery time, the role of anaesthesiologists in managing acute postoperative pain has been amplified. The …